THE DAY OF VALOR: ARAW NG KAGITINGAN

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The Day of Valor, also known as Araw ng Kagitingan, commemorates the bravery of Filipinos and American soldiers during World War II, when the Japanese occupied the Philippines. On April 9, 1942, Major General Edward P. King of the United States Army was forced to surrender more than 76,000 Filipinos, Chinese, and American soldiers to the Japanese. The soldiers had to hike 90 miles (145 kilometers) to Camp O'Donnell in San Fernando. Thousands of prisoners died during the hike (also known as the Bataan Death March) as a result of starvation, dehydration, and diseases before reaching the camp.


Despite the difficulties of defeat, the captured soldiers remained strong, and heroes emerged from the event. The fall of Corregidor was hastened by the surrender of Bataan. However, if the Japanese had not taken this stand, they would have quickly overrun all of the US bases in the Pacific. Bataan forced them to slow down, giving the allies valuable time to prepare for subsequent conflicts such as the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway. On February 8, 1945, American and Filipino liberation forces retook the Bataan peninsula.


The Day of Valor was a national holiday until a Letter of Instruction No. 1087, dated November 26, 1980, declared "Araw ng Kagitingan" a national public holiday to honor those who helped bring democracy and freedom to the Philippines during World War II. On June 30, 1987, Executive Order No. 203 proclaimed April 9 as "Araw Ng Kagitingan" to honor the heroes of Bataan, Corregidor, and Bessang.

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